Sources and original illustrations
Primary references and the limits of this educational collection.
Primary references
- Mango Languages: How do measure words work in Mandarin Chinese? — Number-classifier-noun combinations.
- Mango Languages: How to use the aspectual particles zhe and zai — Actions in progress with zai before a verb.
- Mango Languages: How to say no and not: bu or mei — Common negation distinctions.
- Mango Languages: Comparisons using bi, gen and xiang — Direct comparisons and resemblance.
- Mango Languages: Aspectual particles le and guo — Completed actions and previous experience.
- Mango Languages: Using you for again — Repeated events with you.
- Mango Languages: Using zai for again — Prospective repetition with zai.
- Mango Languages: Using gei — Recipient and giving constructions.
- Mango Languages: Expressing ability — Hui, neng and keyi distinctions.
- Mango Languages: Small quantity words — Yidian and youdian placement and meaning.
- Mango Languages: Verb-resultative compounds — Result complements including wan.
- Mango Languages: Imperative sentences — Requests and prohibitions.
- Mango Languages: Using sentence-final le for changed situations — Changed situations with sentence-final le.
- Mango Languages: Structural de — Possession, modifiers and recoverable omitted nouns.
- Mango Languages: Reasons and purposes — Cause and outcome patterns with yinwei and suoyi.
- Mango Languages: Time adverbials — Temporal interpretation and common time adverbs.
- Mango Languages: Demonstrative words — This, that and selection phrases.
- Mango Languages: Serial verb constructions — Shared-subject actions and destination-purpose constructions.
- Mango Languages: Ways to say and — Different connections for nouns and actions.
- Mango Languages: Expressing be about to — Kuai yao and sentence-final le for imminent events.
Original visual material
The diagrams in this edition are original SVG illustrations explaining the sequence or decisions in each guide. They do not show a laboratory experiment, a personal trip or a tested product result. No photographs from the linked sources are reproduced.
Check the source in context
References were consulted during preparation of this edition. A source may cover a broader or narrower question than a particular guide; the support notes above explain why it is listed. Read the original for methodology, exceptions and updates.